Positive reinforcement stimulates occurrence of a behaviour. If and only if the employees behaviour improves, reward can said to be a positive reinforcer. Reward is a positive reinforce, but not necessarily. This will increase probability of outstanding behaviour occurring again. For example - Immediately praising an employee for coming early for job. Positive Reinforcement- This implies giving a positive response when an individual shows positive and required behaviour. The managers use the following methods for controlling the behaviour of the employees: However, it does not focus on the causes of individuals behaviour. This theory is a strong tool for analyzing controlling mechanism for individuals behaviour. Thus, according to Skinner, the external environment of the organization must be designed effectively and positively so as to motivate the employee. This theory focuses totally on what happens to an individual when he takes some action. Reinforcement theory of motivation overlooks the internal state of individual, i.e., the inner feelings and drives of individuals are ignored by Skinner. It is based on law of effect, i.e, individuals behaviour with positive consequences tends to be repeated, but individuals behaviour with negative consequences tends not to be repeated. It states that individuals behaviour is a function of its consequences. Reinforcement theory of motivation was proposed by BF Skinner and his associates.
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